健康状态中医辨识研究前景分析

健康状态中医辨识是基于中医原创思维和健康理论,运用中医健康状态评价的方法和技术,形成中医健康状态评价方法体系,对健康状态进行辨识。世界卫生组织指出,21世纪的医学,不应继续以疾病为主要研究对象,而应以人类健康作为医学研究的主要方向。进行健康状态中医辨识相关研究,符合21世纪的医学将从疾病医学向健康医学转变的趋势,也符合新医改形势下卫生保健提倡的“关口前移”,对促进人群健康有重要意义。     

电离辐射致肠道急性损伤的中医病机探讨

电离辐射所致的肠道急性损伤在临床普遍存在,轻者出现纳差、食欲不振、消化不良;重者出现持续的腹痛腹泻,常伴黏液、脓血,肛门坠痛、里急后重,甚至出现梗阻、糜烂、溃疡、穿孔等症。结合电离辐射的中医病因学特点,电离辐射致肠道急性损伤的中医基本病机为:邪盛伤正,气血乏源,虚实夹杂;升降失常,泌别失职,传导失司;“热”“湿”“毒”“瘀”蕴结,损伤血络;屏障缺失,易于恶化。据证立法,方从法出,有的放矢,这不仅为电离辐射导致的肠道急性损伤寻找有效的中医药防治措施提供了理论依据,也进一步拓展了中医药理论的应用范围,因此具有重要的临床价值和实践意义。     

基于PD-1/PD-L1信号通路中医药改善肿瘤免疫抑制微环境研究进展

抑制性共刺激分子程序性死亡因子(PD-1)/程序性死亡因子配体(PD-L1)是重要的免疫负调节因子,在肿瘤免疫逃逸中发挥重要作用。中医药是我国治疗肿瘤的重要手段之一,其主要优势在于增强机体免疫力,重塑肿瘤免疫微环境。本文综述了PD-1/PD-L1信号通路、中医与肿瘤免疫的相关性及中医药干预PD-1/PD-L1信号通路的相关研究,揭示了中医药调节肿瘤免疫多系统、多靶点、多环节、整体性等特点,为中医药防治肿瘤的理论和机制研究提供新的思路。     

浅谈食管胃结合部腺癌的中医病机特点及治疗

介绍笔者对食管胃结合部腺癌(Adenocarcinomas of the Esophagogastric Junction,AEG)即近端胃癌的中医病机特点的认识,认为食管胃结合部结构与功能不同于胃体及幽门,食管胃结合部主司贲门的契合开闭与食物的传输,是食物、药物进入胃内的狭窄通道,同时也是预防胃内容物返流进入食道的重要防线。其法天而用阳,主受纳通降,易耗气伤阴,受损胃络,表现为气滞、气逆、气虚等气机失调及由此而来痰、热、瘀、毒积聚,最终导致贲门枢机不利,进食不畅、哽噎、呕吐白色痰涎,甚至不能进食等症状。其病机特点是气机失调、痰毒郁结。治疗的关键是调理气机,驱邪扶正,把握贲门开合和降的生理,当补则补,当降则降。     

加味金宁方抑制磨玻璃样早期肺癌术后复发的临床评价

  目的：观察加味金宁方对磨玻璃样早期肺癌术后复发的抑制作用。  方法：将72例磨玻璃样早期肺癌术后患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组36例。治疗组服用加味金宁方,对照组服用1/20剂量加味金宁方。两组均连续服药1年或至病情进展,观察实体瘤疗效、免疫疗效,比较中医证候积分的变化情况。  结果：①试验过程中治疗组、对照组各脱落3例,最终有效完成试验的病例66例,治疗组、对照组各33例。②实体瘤疗效:在术后1年内,治疗组、对照组的疾病控制率分别为93.94%、72.73%；治疗组实体瘤疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。③免疫疗效:术后3个月治疗组、对照组有效率分别为75.76%、69.70%,两组免疫疗效差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；术后6个月、术后9个月、术后12个月两组免疫疗效比较,治疗组优于对照组(P<0.05)。④治疗后,两组中医证候积分均呈持续下降趋势,与本组前一观察时点比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；术后6个月、术后9个月、术后12个月组间比较,治疗组中医证候积分低于对照组(P<0.05)。  结论：加味金宁方对磨玻璃样早期肺癌术后复发具有一定的抑制作用,且有助于促进机体免疫功能的恢复,并改善中医证候,值得临床推广应用。     

Utility of the pictorial Epworth sleepiness scale in the adult down syndrome population

Objective/BackgroundThe utility of the pictorial Epworth sleepiness scale (pESS) has been assessed by only a few studies in a clinical population. Some of its questions may be inappropriate in certain patient groups. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of the pESS in the adult Down syndrome (DS) population in the United Kingdom (UK).Patients/MethodsA modified sleep questionnaire including the pESS was administered to 5430 adults with DS living in the UK. Standard statistical analysis was undertaken.ResultsOf 1105 valid responses (20.35%), the pESS was incomplete in 129 (11.67%) cases. Of the incomplete responses, “Q1. Likelihood of dozing/falling sleep while sitting and reading?” was most frequently missed (63.6% of 129 responses).ConclusionsThe pESS may not be entirely appropriate in certain populations such as those with intellectual disability where literacy levels may be low. Question modification may be necessary.Clinical trial registration numberISRCTN55685305.     

Can Qigong improve attention in adolescents? A prospective randomised controlled trial

IntroductionThe ability to direct and maintain attention is a prerequisite for learning. Qigong exercises are already commonly practiced in many developed countries to increase attention and memory. The main goal of this study was to examine whether Qigong would improve the attention levels of adolescents (12–14 years of age) when practiced as part of their physical education course.MethodThree groups of 22 individuals were considered: the verum group, which performed true Qigong; the control group, which performed sham, or placebo Qigong; and the waiting list group. In order to evaluate Qigong effects, attention tests (d2) were applied to all groups before the intervention period (t1) and after two and four weeks of practice (t2 and t3, respectively).ResultsAt t1, there was no significant difference between the verum, control and waiting list groups in all measurable features. After 4 weeks of exercise, the verum group was significantly superior in all measurable features in comparison to the control group and the waiting list group. Values in the waiting list group were generally worse than in the control group (placebo Qigong), but there was no significant difference between the control and waiting list group, showing that the placebo offered an effect that was not significantly greater than the effect of no intervention at all.Conclusion‘White Ball’ Qigong was able to improve attention in adolescents after 4 weeks of practice, leading us to conclude that it may be a useful tool when integrated into physical education classes.     

基于脏腑经络理论探讨啮舌证治

啮舌是中医临床中较为常见且棘手的一个症状。中医对啮舌的认识历史悠久,但缺乏对此症的系统研究,只有零散的医家论述和临床个案报道。有鉴于此,笔者通过分析归纳古代中医文献和现代临床报道,基于脏腑经络理论初步探讨啮舌的证治,认为啮舌一症有虚实之别,实则责之于心肝,虚则责之于脾肾,可分为心火亢盛、肝火痰瘀、脾肾阳虚及肾阴不足等主要证型,痰和瘀是发生啮舌的重要病理因素,治疗应以清心平肝、补益脾肾、祛痰化瘀开窍为大法,希望本研究能为临床解决啮舌一症提供思路与方法。     

对新型冠状病毒肺炎恢复期中医康复指导建议中中医辨证分型的补充和建议

指导意见中对新型冠状病毒肺炎恢复期中医辩证分型只有脾肺气虚和气阴两虚两类证型,未能反映该类病症的中医病机,证型的全貌,对临床的指导意义有限。根据小样本的临床病例分析,笔者提出了五大证型和两个亚型的分类,即肺虚咽喉不利型,肺虚痰浊内阻型,肺脾两虚型,正虚邪恋型和肺肾两虚,肾不纳气型。其中正虚邪恋型又分为气阴两虚,疫毒未尽和气虚湿热未化2个亚型。可以比较全面地反映该病恢复期中医病机、证型的全貌。     

清热活血方佐治支气管扩张症急性加重期临床观察

目的:探讨中药清热活血方佐治支气管扩张症急性加重期的临床疗效。方法:选取2016年10月至2018年10月广州中医药大学第二临床医学院收治的支气管扩张症急性加重期患者116例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法随机分为对照组和观察组,每组58例。对照组给予排痰、抗感染等西医常规治疗;观察组在对照组治疗的基础上给予中药清热活血方治疗,疗程均为2周。比较2组治疗前后中医证候评分、动脉血气分析指标、血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)和基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)水平,并比较2组治疗总有效率。结果:治疗后观察组咳嗽痰多、痰中带血、发热口渴、胸闷气急、舌苔、脉象各项评分均低于对照组(P<0.01),血气分析指标中氧分压(PaO 2)、血氧饱和度(SaO 2)高于对照组(P<0.01),二氧化碳分压(PaCO 2)低于对照组(P<0.01),血清MMP-9水平低于对照组(P<0.01),TIMP-1水平高于对照组(P<0.01),治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:中药清热活血方佐治支气管扩张症急性加重期,可有效缓解症状,改善动脉血气指标,调节MMP-9、TIMP-1平衡,提高临床疗效。